Stack
16Duplicate & Drop
DUPDuplicate Object
DUP2Duplicate 2 Objects
DUPNDuplicate n Objects
DROPDrop Object
DROP2Drop 2 Objects
DROPNDrop n Objects
CLEARClear
Reorder
SWAPSwap Objects
OVEROver
ROTRotate Objects
ROLLRoll Objects
ROLLDRoll Down
PICKPick Object
Inspect
DEPTHDepth
LASTARGLast Arguments
LASTLast Arguments → LASTARG
Arithmetic
61Basic
+Add
-Subtract
*Multiply
/Divide
^Power
√Square Root
SQSquare
INVInverse (1/x)
NEGNegate
XROOTxth Root of y
Sign & Magnitude
ABSAbsolute Value
SIGNSign
MAXMaximum
MINMinimum
MODModulo
Parts & Rounding
IPInteger Part
FPFractional Part
FLOORFloor
CEILCeiling
RNDRound
TRNCTruncate
MANTMantissa
XPONExponent
Percent
%Percent
%CHPercent Change
%TPercent of Total
Exponential & Log
EXPExponential
LNNatural Logarithm
LOGCommon Logarithm
ALOGCommon Antilogarithm
EXPMExponential Minus 1
LNP1Natural Log of x Plus 1
Trigonometric
SINSine
COSCosine
TANTangent
ASINArc Sine
ACOSArc Cosine
ATANArc Tangent
Hyperbolic
SINHHyperbolic Sine
COSHHyperbolic Cosine
TANHHyperbolic Tangent
ASINHArc Hyperbolic Sine
ACOSHInverse Hyperbolic Cosine
ATANHArc Hyperbolic Tangent
Angle Conversion
D→RDegrees to Radians
R→DRadians to Degrees
→HMSDecimal to Hours-Minutes-Seconds
HMS→Hours-Minutes-Seconds to Decimal
HMS+Hours-Minutes-Seconds Plus
HMS-Hours-Minutes-Seconds Minus
Combinatorics & Random
!Factorial (Gamma)
FACTFactorial (Gamma) → !
COMBCombinations
PERMPermutations
RANDRandom Number
RDZRandomize
Constants
πPi
ee
ii
MAXRMaximum Real
MINRMinimum Real
Complex Numbers
8Parts
REReal Part
IMImaginary Part
ARGArgument
CONJConjugate
Convert
R→CReal to Complex
C→RComplex to Real
→V2Stack to Vector/Complex Number
V→Vector/Complex Number to Stack
Arrays & Vectors
22Build & Split
→ARRYStack to Array
ARRY→Array to Stack
→V2Stack to Vector/Complex Number
→V3Stack to 3-Element Vector
V→Vector/Complex Number to Stack
CONConstant Array
IDNIdentity Matrix
RDMRedimension Array
Elements
GETGet Element
GETIGet and Increment Index
PUTPut Element
PUTIPut and Increment Index
SIZESize
Linear Algebra
DETDeterminant
TRNTranspose Matrix
INVInverse (1/x)
DOTDot Product
CROSSCross Product
RSDResidual
Norms
ABSAbsolute Value
CNRMColumn Norm
RNRMRow Norm
Lists & Strings
15Lists
→LISTStack to List
LIST→List to Stack
OBJ→Object to Stack
Strings
→STRObject to String
STR→Evaluate String
CHRCharacter
NUMCharacter Number
Common (list / string)
SUBSubset
POSPosition
REPLReplace
SIZESize
GETGet Element
PUTPut Element
Tagged Objects
→TAGStack to Tag
DTAGDelete Tag
Binary Integers
21Base
BINBinary Mode
OCTOctal Mode
DECDecimal Mode
HEXHexadecimal Mode
Wordsize & Convert
STWSStore Wordsize
RCWSRecall Wordsize
R→BReal to Binary
B→RBinary to Real
Shift
SLShift Left
SRShift Right
SLBShift Left Byte
SRBShift Right Byte
ASRArithmetic Shift Right
Rotate
RLRotate Left
RRRotate Right
RLBRotate Left Byte
RRBRotate Right Byte
Bitwise Logic
ANDAND
OROR
XORExclusive OR
NOTNOT
Tests & Logic
13Comparison
<Less Than
≤Less Than or Equal
>Greater Than
≥Greater Than or Equal
==Logical Equality
≠Not Equal
SAMESame
Logic
ANDAND
OROR
XORExclusive OR
NOTNOT
Conditional Functions
IFTIf-Then
IFTEIf-Then-Else
Symbolic Algebra
24Rewrite & Simplify
COLCTCollect Like Terms
EXPANExpand Products
ISOLIsolate Variable
QUADSolve Quadratic Equation
SHOWShow Variable
↑MATCHBottom-up Match and Replace
↓MATCHMatch Pattern Down
Calculus
∂Derivative
∫Integral
ΣSummation
TAYLRTaylor’s Polynomial
Numeric Evaluation
→NUMEvaluate to Number
→QTo Quotient
→QπTo Quotient Times π
ROOTRoot-Finder
Expression Structure
APPLYApply Function to Arguments
QUOTEQuote Argument
|Where (Substitute)
=Equals
EQ→Equation to Stack
RATIOPrefix Divide
DEFINEDefine Variable or Function
Current Equation
STEQStore in EQ
RCEQRecall from EQ
Units
147Unit Objects
→UNITStack to Unit Object
UVALUnit Value
CONVERTConvert Units
UBASEConvert to SI Base Units
UFACTFactor Unit
The 16 unit catalogues
keyspress = multiply · = convert · = divide
LENGTHUNITS 2 · menu 43
AREAUNITS 3 · menu 44
VOLUMEUNITS 4 · menu 45
TIMEUNITS 5 · menu 46
SPEEDUNITS 6 · menu 47
MASSUNITS 7 · menu 48
FORCEUNITS 8 · menu 49
ENERGYUNITS 9 · menu 50
POWERUNITS 10 · menu 51
PRESSUREUNITS 11 · menu 52
TEMPERATUREUNITS 12 · menu 53
ELECTRIC CURRENTUNITS 13 · menu 54
ANGLEUNITS 14 · menu 55
LIGHTUNITS 15 · menu 56
RADIATIONUNITS 16 · menu 57
VISCOSITYUNITS 17 · menu 58
Every unit, with its exact SI value 126
°degree · 1.74532925199 ×10⁻² r
Aampere · 1 A
aare · 100 m²
acreacre · 4046.87260987 m²
arcminminute of arc · 2.90888208666 ×10⁻⁴ r
arcssecond of arc · 4.8481368111 ×10⁻⁶ r
atmatmosphere · 101325 kg/m·s²
auastronomical unit · 1.495979 ×10¹¹ m
bbarn · 1 ×10⁻²⁸ m²
barbar · 100000 kg/m·s²
bblbarrel · .158987294928 m³
Bqbecquerel · 1 1/s
Btuinternational table Btu · 1055.05585262 kg·m²/s²
bubushel · .03523907 m³
Ccoulomb · 1 A·s
cspeed of light · 299792458 m/s
°Cdegree Celsius · 1K or 274.15 K
calcalorie · 4.1868 kg·m²/s²
cdcandela · 1 cd
chainchain · 20.1168402337 m
Cicurie · 3.7 ×10¹⁰ 1/s
ctcarat · .0002 kg
cuUS cup · 2.365882365 ×10⁻⁴ m³
dday · 86400 s
dBdecibel · 1 (dimensionless value)
dyndyne · .00001 kg/m·s²
ergerg · .0000001 kg·m²/s²
eVelectron volt · 1.60217733 ×10⁻¹⁹ kg·m²/s²
Ffarad · 1 A²·s⁴/kg·m²
°Fdegrees Fahrenheit · 0.555555555556 K or 255.927777778 K
fathfathom · 1.82880365761 m
fbmboard foot · .002359737216 m³
fcfootcandle · 10.7639104167 cd·sr/m²
Fdyfaraday · 96487 A·s
fermifermi · 1 ×10⁻¹⁵ m
flamfootlambert · 3.42625909964 cd/m²
ftinternational foot · .3048 m
ftUSsurvey foot · .304800609601 m
ggram · .001 kg
gastandard freefall · 9.80665 m/s²
galUS gallon · .003785411784 m³
galCCanadian gallon · .00454609 m³
galUKUK gallon · .004546092 m³
gfgram-force · .00980665 kg·m/s²
gmolgram-mole · 1 mol
gradgradian · 1.57079632679 ×10⁻² r
graingrain · .00006479891 kg
Gygray · 1 m²/s²
Hhenry · 1 kg·m²/A²·s²
hHour · 3600 s
hphorsepower · 745.699871582 kg·m²/s³
Hzhertz · 1/s
ininch · .0254 m
inH2Oinches of water, 60 oF · 248.84 kg/m·s²
inHginches of mercury, 0 oC · 3386.38815789 kg/m·s²
Jjoule · 1 kg·m²/s²
Kkelvins · 1 K
kgkilogram · 1 kg
kipkilopound-force · 4448.22161526 kg·m/s²
knotnautical miles per hour · .514444444444 m/s
kphkilometers per hour · .277777777778 m/s
lliter · .001 m³
lamlambert · 3183.09886184 cd/m²
lbavoirdupois pound · .45359237 kg
lbfpound -force · 4.44822161526 kg·m/s²
lbmolpound-mole · 453.59237 mol
lbttroy pound · .3732417216 kg
lmlumen · 1 cd·sr
lxlux · 1 cd·sr/m²
lyrlight year · 9.46052840488 ×10¹⁵ m
mmeter · 1 m
mhomho · 1 A²·s³/kg·m²
miinternational mile · 1609.344 m
milmil · .0000254 m
minminute · 60 s
miUSUS statute mile · 1609.34721869 m
mmHgmillimeter of mercury (torr · 133.322368421 kg/m·s²
molmole · 1 mol
mphmiles per hour · .44704 m/s
Nnewton · 1 kg·m/s²
nminautical mile · 1852 m
ozounce · .028349523125 kg
ozflUS fluid ounce · 2.95735295625 ×10⁻⁵ m³
ozttroy ounce · .311034768 kg
ozUKUK fluid ounce · 2.8413075 ×10⁻⁵ m³
Ppoise · .1 kg/m·s
Papascal · 1 kg/m·s²
pcparsec · 3.08567818585 ×10¹⁶ m
pdlpoundal · .138254954376 kg·m/s²
phphot · 10000 cd·sr/m²
pkpeck · .0088097675 m³
psipounds per square inch · 6894.75729317 kg·m/s²
ptpint · .000473176473 m³
qtquart · .000946352946 m³
Rroentgen · .000258 A·s/kg
rradian · 1 r
°Rdegrees Rankine · 0.555555555556 K
radrad · .01 m²/s²
rdrod · 5.02921005842 m
remrem · .01 m²/s²
rpmrevolutions per minute · 60 1/s
Ssiemens · 1 A²·s³/kg·m²
ssecond · 1 s
sbstilb · 10000 cd/m²
slugslug · 14.5939029372 kg
srsteradian · 1 sr
Ststokes · .0001 m²/s
ststere · 1 m³
Svsievert · 1 m²/s²
Ttesla · 1 kg/A·s²
tmetric ton · 1000 kg
tbsptablespoon · 1.47867647813 ×10⁻⁵ m³
thermEEC therm · 105506000 kg·m²/s²
tonshort ton · 907.18474 kg
tonUklong ton (UK · 1016.0469088 kg
torrtorr (mmHg · 133.322368421 kg/m·s²
tspteaspoon · 4.92892159375 ×10⁻⁶ m³
uunified atomic mass · 1.6605402 ×10⁻²⁷ kg
Vvolt · 1 kg·m²/A·s³
Wwatt · 1 kg·m/s³
Wbweber · 1 kg·m²/A·s²
ydinternational yard · .9144 m
yryear · 31556925.9747 s
µmicron · 1 ×10⁻⁶ m
ÅAngstrom · 1 ×10⁻¹⁰ m
Ωohm · 1 kg·m²/A²·s³
Program Control
31Conditionals
IFIf Conditional Structure
THENThen
ELSEElse
ENDEnd Program Structure
CASECASE Conditional Structure
Definite Loops
STARTSTART Definite Loop Structure
FORFOR Definite Loop Structure
NEXTNext
STEPStep
Indefinite Loops
DODO Indefinite Loop Structure
UNTILUntil
WHILEWHILE Indefinite Loop Structure
REPEATRepeat
ENDEnd Program Structure
Error Trapping
IFERRIf Error Conditional Structure
DOERRDo Error
ERRNError Number
ERRMError Message
ERR0Clear Last Error Number
Local Variables
→Create Local Variable(s)
Execution
EVALEvaluate Object
SYSEVALEvaluate System Object
HALTHalt Program
CONTContinue Program Execution
KILLCancel Halted Programs
WAITWait
User Interaction
PROMPTPrompt
INPUTInput
KEYKey
DISPDisplay
BEEPBeep
Flags
8Set & Clear
SFSet Flag
CFClear Flag
Test
FS?Flag Set?
FC?Flag Clear?
FS?CFlag Set? Clear
FC?CFlag Clear? Clear
Save & Restore
RCLFRecall Flags
STOFStore Flags
Variables & Memory
37Store & Recall
STOStore
RCLRecall
PURGEPurge
DEFINEDefine Variable or Function
Storage Arithmetic
STO+Store Plus
STO-Store Minus
STO*Store Times
STO/Store Divide
SINVStore Inverse
SNEGStore Negate
SCONJStore Conjugate
INCRIncrement
DECRDecrement
Directories
HOMEHOME Directory
UPDIRUp Directory
CRDIRCreate Directory
PGDIRPurge Directory
PATHCurrent Path
VARSVariables
TVARSTyped Variables
ORDEROrder Variables
CLVARClear Variables
CLUSRClear Variables → CLVAR
Object Info
TYPEType
VTYPEVariable Type
BYTESByte Size
SIZESize
NEWOBNew Object
MEMMemory Available
Ports & Libraries
ARCHIVEArchive HOME
RESTORERestore HOME
FREEFree RAM Card
MERGEMerge RAM Card
PVARSPort-Variables
LIBSLibraries
ATTACHAttach Library
DETACHDetach Library
Modes & Display
21Number Format
STDStandard
FIXFix
SCIScientific
ENGEngineering
Angle Mode
DEGDegrees
RADRadians
GRADGrads Mode
Display Control
CLLCDClear LCD
DISPDisplay
FREEZEFreeze Display
TEXTShow Stack Display
→LCDGraphics Object to LCD
LCD→LCD to Graphics Object
OFFOff
Menus
MENUDisplay Menu
TMENUTemporary Menu
RCLMENURecall Menu Number
User Keyboard
ASNAssign
STOKEYSStore Key Assignments
RCLKEYSRecall Key Assignments
DELKEYSDelete Key Assignments
Plotting
33Plot Type
FUNCTIONFunction Plot Type
CONICConic Plot Type
POLARPolar Plot Type
PARAMETRICParametric Plot Type
TRUTHTruth Plot Type
BARBar Plot Type
HISTOGRAMHistogram Plot Type
SCATTERScatter Plot Type
Ranges & Variables
XRNGx-Axis Display Range
YRNGy-Axis Display Range
INDEPIndependent Variable
DEPNDDependent Variable
RESResolution
AXESAxes
Scaling
AUTOAutoscale
CENTRCenter
SCALEScale Plot
*HMultiply Height
*WMultiply Width
PMINPICT Minimum
PMAXPICT Maximum
PDIMPICT Dimension
Draw
DRAWDraw Plot
DRAXDraw Axes
LABELLabel Axes
ERASEErase PICT
GRAPHGraphics Environment
PVIEWPICT View
PICTPICT
Statistical Plots
BARPLOTDraw Bar Plot
HISTPLOTDraw Histogram Plot
SCATRPLOTDraw Scatter Plot
SCLΣScale Sigma
Graphics (PICT / GROB)
16Primitives
LINEDraw Line
TLINEToggle Line
BOXBox
ARCDraw Arc
Pixels
PIXONPixel On
PIXOFFPixel Off
PIX?Pixel On?
Graphics Objects
→GROBStack to Graphics Object
BLANKBlank Graphics Object
GORGraphics OR
GXORGraphics Exclusive OR
SUBSubset
REPLReplace
SIZESize
Coordinates
C→PXComplex to Pixel
PX→CPixel to Complex
Statistics
37Data (ΣDAT)
Σ+Sigma Plus
Σ-Sigma Minus
CLΣClear Sigma
STOΣStore Sigma
RCLΣRecall Sigma
NΣNumber of Rows
Summary
TOTTotal
MEANMean
SDEVStandard Deviation
VARVariance
MAXΣMaximum Sigma
MINΣMinimum Sigma
BINSSort Into Frequency Bins
Sums
ΣXSum of x-values
ΣYSum of y-values
ΣX^2Sum of Squares of x-values
ΣY^2Sum of Squares of y-values
ΣX*YSum of x Times y
Columns
XCOLIndependent Column
YCOLDependent Column
COLΣSigma Columns
Regression
LRLinear Regression
CORRCorrelation
COVCovariance
ΣLINERegression Model Formula
PREDXPredicted x-value
PREDYPredicted y-value
PREDVPredicted y-value → PREDY
Curve Fit Model
LINFITLinear Curve Fit
LOGFITLogarithmic Curve Fit
EXPFITExponential Curve Fit
PWRFITPower Curve Fit
BESTFITBest-Fitting Model
Distributions
UTPCUpper Chi-Square Distribution
UTPFUpper Snedecor’s F Distribution
UTPNUpper Normal Distribution
UTPTUpper Student’s t Distribution
Time & Alarms
15Clock
DATEDate
→DATESet Date
TIMETime
→TIMESet System Time
TICKSTicks
CLKADJAdjust System Clock
TSTRDate and Time String
Date Arithmetic
DATE+New Date
DDAYSDelta Days
Alarms
STOALARMStore Alarm
RCLALARMRecall Alarm
DELALARMDelete Alarm
FINDALARMFind Alarm
ACKAcknowledge Alarm
ACKALLAcknowledge All Alarms
I/O & Communications
28Kermit
SENDSend Object
RECVReceive Object
RECNReceive Renamed Object
KGETKermit Get
SERVERServer Mode
FINISHFinish Server Mode
PKTPacket
KERRMKermit Error Message
Serial
OPENIOOpen /0 Port
CLOSEIOClose 1/0 Port
XMITSerial Transmit
SRECVSerial Receive
BUFLENBuffer Length
SBRKSerial Break
STIMESerial Time-Out
Parameters (IOPAR)
BAUDBaud Rate
PARITYParity
CKSMChecksum
TRANSIO1/O Translation
Printing
PR1Print Level 1
PRSTPrint Stack
PRSTCPrint Stack (Compact)
PRVARPrint Variable
PRLCDPrint LCD
CRCarriage Right
DELAYDelay
OLDPRTOld Printer
System
WSLOGWarmstart Log